Elastic-fluid turbine.



810.848,485. PATENTED MAR. 26, 1907. DEN-108180 NIsHIzAKI. BLAsTIc FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9, 1908.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTO/ Ilm 0.

wmvEssEs BY?l ATTORNEYS PATENTBD MAR. 26, 1907. DEN-IGHIRO NISHIZAKI.

ELASTIC FLUID '.IURBINE.-

APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 9, 1906.

W/ TA/E SSES 8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 848,485. i PATENTED MAR. 26, 1907. `DEN-ICHIRO NISHIZAKI. ELASTIG FLUID I'URBINEL APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 9, 1906.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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W/TNESSES MM SYM FC? A TTOHNE YS PATENTED MAR.26,1907. DBN-IGHIRO NISHIZAKI.

BLASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9, 190.

8 SHEETS-SEEET 4.

ATTORNEYS No. 848,485; PATENTED MAR. 26, 1907. DEN-IGHIRO NISHIZAKI.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINB.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9, 1906.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

w//vEssEs /NVENTOH A 7TOHNEYS PATENTED MAR. 26, 1907. DEN-IGHIRO NISHIZAKI.

BLASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9, 1906.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

A TTOHNE YS No. 848,485. PATENTED MAR. ze, 1907.

' DEN-10H18@ NISHIZAKI..

APPLIOATION IILED AUG. 9, 1906.

8 SHEETS-SHEET '1.1

ATTORNEYS PATENTED MAR. 26, 1907. DEN-ICHIRO NISHIZAKI. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIOATION-PILED AUG. 9, 19,06.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

w/TA/ESSES s enfriar curio.

DEN-IOHIRO N-ISHIZAKI, OF TOKYO, JAPAN.

ELAsTlo-FLUHD romains.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 26, 1907.

Application led August 9, 1906. Serial No. 329,940.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DEN-IoHrRo NisHIzAKr, a subject of the Emperor of Japan, residing at N o. l Tsuna-machi, Mita, Shiba-ku, Tokyo, Japan, have invented a new and useful 1inprovement in Systems of Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification. l

My invention is an improvement in turbines; andit consists in certain novel constructions and combinations of'parts hereinafter described and claimed Referring tothe drawings forming a partk hereof, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section through the center line of the shaft of a compound turbine constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a plurality of sector-shape transverse section showingthe high-pressure side. Fig. 3 is a similar section showing the low-pressure side. Fig. 4 is an end elevation on t e high-pressure side. Fig. 5 is a similar. view on the low-pressure side. Fig. 6 is a detail view of part of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a lon- 'tudinal section of the bearing and stufling 0X for the turbine-shaft. Fig. 8 is a transverse section of the same. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 10 is a cross-section of a simple turbine, showing an arrangement of vanes and 'des in accordance with my invention; an Fig. l1 is a front view of the sim le turbine. v

T e turbine-wheel A is mounted upon a shaft S, journaled inbearings in a casing U, inwhich the turbine-wheel is inclosed. Upon the highpressure side of the turbine-Wheel A is a plurality of rings of blades B, and connected with the casing, at the upper part thereof, is a series of guides D, the said guides being arranged to receive the uid from the preceding ring of blades and guide it to the succeeding rin of blades.

A series of nozzles F direct t e fluid against the innermost ring of blades near the upper end of the casing, the said nozzles delivering radially of the Wheel and extending without the casing, each nozzle F having interposed therein a throttle-valve V, actuated by a governor W, arranged upon theshaft S in the through a passage to a chamber P, the last-l named chamber being arranged Acircumferentially` of the casing, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. Upon the low-pressure side of the turbine is arranged a plurality of rings of blades O, and at spaced intervals around the eriphery of the casing U are arranged a plura ity of'sector-shaped series of-guides E, for the purpose of guiding the fluid from the outermost ring of blades to the inner ring. v

Adjacent to each series of guides is arranged a: lurality of passages H, leading from the c amber P to the low-pressure side of the turbine, the said assages H being controlled by valves K, wli'ch may be operated by a hand-wheel from the outside of the casing. When the fluid has passed beyond the innermost ring of blades on the low-pressure side, it is within the interior Q of the casing U- and passes from thence through the passage X to the condenser, if one be used, or, if a non-condensing turbine, passes to the-atmosphere. Y p

In the operation of my invention the fluid enters through the throttle-valves V and by the nozzles F is directed against the innermost series of blades on the high-pressure side of the turbine. After having acted upon Jthe innermost ring the interposed uides D deiiect the fluid to the next ring of b ades until the outermost ring of blades has been acted upon, after which the iiuid is deflected by the guides G toward the axes of the checkvalves J, which lare lifted, permitting' the liquid to pass into the chamber R and from thence through M and N to the chamber P.

leach of the rings of blades on both the hi hpressure. and lo W-pressure side is provi ed with a thin annular shroud T, and each of the sector-shaped series of guide-vanes is provided with a similar shroud T. By this construction the expanding iiuid acts upon the shroudas well. as upon the face of the blade, the pressure on the shroud equalizing the pressure on the face of the wheel. It will be noticedthat sufficient space is left between the guide-vanes, shrouds T', and the turbine- Wheel so that the Wheel can beperfectly surrounded With space which is at the same pressure as the interior Q of the chamber-U.- 5 This pressure in a non-condenser would be the atmospheric pressure and in a condensin -turbine Would b'e substantially a vacuum. n Figs.` 7, 8, and 9 is shown a-construction l of bearing and stuffing-box to be used in connectiony with my turbine.vv In these :figures the turbine-shaft S issup'ported bythe bear-` ing metals c d, Which are inclosed within the bearing-block v f and the bearing-cover e. uThe bearing-blockf is provided with arecess' in the-upper face thereof, and the outer surface ofthe bearing metal `c is shaped upon the. arc of -a circle having asrnaller radius than the radius of the circle upon Wh'ose arctherecess is shaped, so that the said bearing-metall may rockv Within'the-recess upon -thepoint c. The outersurfaceofthe' bearing metal d ,is shaped upon lthe arcvof va circle Whose-center is thepoint c, and the inner surface of the bearing-cover e is similarly shaped inorder to ermit this rocking movement before des'-, scri ed. The bearing metals are engaged atl each side by the innermost of the series ofi superimposed thinsteel l@sheets g, the outermOStsheet `being en aged by--a setlscrew y'. In this construction t e pile of superimposed sheets acts as a buffer when the. shaft: vibrates, the vibration being absorbed by the sheets, so that but little or noshockds transmitted to Athe casing', In' Fig. 7 a graphite 3 5 bushing m is forced onto a tapered portion of `th`e shaft .S and ytightly fastened by means-iol.I a -nut n, threaded onto the shaftvand a locknut ,p also threaded on the shaft, the construction compelling` the bushing -to krotate Withthe shaft'. By this constructionno.V oil is neededin the stuEng-box, the-graphiteacting as a lubricant. l

Having thus particularly described and ascertained the-natureof 'my said inventionI and in Whatfmanner'thesameis .to beper` formed-, what' I claim as new, andd/esire to secure byLetters Patent of theUnited S/tates of America, is- Y f j 1.' In tWostage expansion elastic-fluid turbines, a turbine-wheel onone faceo which one or more rings-of blades are afiixed inI relation to high-pressurenozzles and to guidel vanes, and on the otheriface of 'which' one. or more rings of blades are aixedin relation to low-pressure' nozzles and- -to guide-varies, in combination with special passage or refceiver having non-return valves and idevanes next to the iinal hi hressure b ades,

so situated as to lead elastic uid; exhausting y from high-pressure side'to low-pressure side,- said non-return valves. b'eingmade to keep closed so lon as no iluidirushesunder to open them, su stantially as and Jfor the purpose described.

2. In two-stage expansion elastic-fluid turbines, .al turbine-Wheel on one face or `which one ormore rings of blades are affixed in relation to high-pressure nozzles and to guide-vanes, and on the other face of which one or more rings of blades are afiixed in relation to low-pressure nozzles and to guide-1 vanes, in combination with' special passage or -reoeiver= having non-return valves and guide-vanes next to the linal high-pressure blades and With-said low-pressure nozzles outside-to low-pressure bladestso situated as tol lead elastic fluid exhausting from highpressure side to low-pressure side, sibs'tan4 tially as and for the purpose described.

3. In two-stage expansion elastic-Huid turbines,` a turbine-Wheel; on -one face. off which yone or more rings of blades arel affixed-` in relation to high-pressure nozzles and -to ,guide-vanes, and onthe. other face of which one or more-rings of blades are afxed in relation to .loW-pressure'noz'zles and -to guide. varies, in combinationwith special passage.-

or receiver having nonreturn valves-next to blades sosituated =as tolead elastic an kept quite clear from the Wheel, to secure bal-ance otlpressurel on` faces y.of the Wheel;y

substantially as andfor the purpose de.- scribed.)

4. In two-stage expansionelasticffluidturbines, Ia turblne-Wheelon one face ot.

which one or mererings .of blades are aiixed.

in. relation? to' high-pressure nozzles and to guide-vanes, and on the other facev of Which.-

one or morefringsoflblades are affixed in. relation to low-pressure nozzles `and to guidevanes, in .combination with special passage' or receiver having non-return valves 'next tothe. final lhighepressure blades and with said low-pressure nozzles `outside to lowressure blades so., situated as to. lead elastic i 'uid-exhausting-rcm high-pressureside to loW-pres. sureside said Wheel bein secured ona shaft'` mounted on bearings ma e to.- oscillate laterally a little-round lan axial line at bottom of bearing metal-, slidin in contact'with bear-- ingpcover o'n top, an .secured on its position. With r piled-up sheet-steel buers on b'oth sides,- so arranged as to absorb shock` of lIl() vibrating Wheel substantiallyas and: for the. i

purposedescribed.

5. In two-stage expansion elastic-fluid..`

turbines, a. turbine-Wheelv ,on one face of which one-or more rings-of blades are affixed inrelation 4to high-pressure nozzles and to guide-varies,- and on the otherface ofwhich one or more rings of. blades are aiiixed'in.

relation to low-pressure nozzles and to guide-vanes, in combination with special passage or receiver having non-return valves next to the final high-pressure blades and with said low-pressure nozzles outside to low-pressure blades so situated as to lead elastic uid exhaustin from high-pressure side to low-pressure si e; said Wheels being secured ona shaft ittedwth graphitebushing,

which is tapered on interior and forced in with nuts, on the portion rotating in stuling-box, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. In single-pressure stage elastic-Huid turbines, a turbine-Wheel on one face of which one or more rings of shrouded blades are aliXed concentric With center of shaft and in relation to nozzles and shrouded guidevanes, said Wheel being secured on a shaft mounted on bearings made to oscillate laterally a little round an axial line at bottom of bearing metal, sliding in contact yWith bearing-cover on top, and secured on its position with piled-up sheet-steel buers on both sides, so arranged as to absorb shock of vibrating Wheel, vsubstantialbT yas and for the purpose described.

Intestimony whereof I have hereto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

DEN-ICHIR NISHIZAKI.

Witnesses:

JN0. E. JONES, GENJI KURrBARA. 

